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בעבר רק האשכנזים קראו לערב פסח בשם "ליל הסדר" – על איזה כאוס ניסו להשתלט? באילו עדות נהגו להתחפש דווקא בפסח, ולא בפורים? למה מותר לילדים באיראן לחבוט בהוריהם, ולנשים – בבעליהן בערב זה? איך הגיעה המימונה מאיראן(!) למרוקו?

ליל הסדר הוא חוויית הזהות הקולקטיבית של העם היהודי לתפוצותיו. אולם מתברר שלצד הממד הרציני והמלומד, הוא נשא לעיתים צביון של פסק זמן משגרת החיים באמצעות מנהגים נועזים, פרועים ומשעשעים, שבעומקם מערערים על החוקים המשפחתיים והחברתיים הנורמטיביים, גם מבחינת גדרי הצניעות בין המינים.

ספר זה הוא פרי מחקר ממושך, ראשון מסוגו, המציע פתרונות פשוטים ומקוריים לשאלות חכמים וחוקרים לגבי הלכות ומנהגים של חג הפסח וההגדה. המחברת מוכיחה כי רבים ממנהגי הפסח עוצבו בהשראת מנהגי הַנּוֹרוּז, ראש השנה הפרסי הזורואסטרי האביבי הקדום, שנחוג בפאר רב בתקופה שבה נכתב התלמוד בחסות האימפריה הפרסית. חכמי ישראל גיירו רבים ממנהגיו ויצקו בהם משמעויות דתיות ולאומיות, המוּכרות לכולנו.

ד"ר אסתר שקלים היא חוקרת קהילות ישראל, אוצרת אמנות יהודית ומשוררת. חוקרת אורחת במרכז אליאנס ללימודים איראניים, אוניברסיטת תל אביב.

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